這禮拜考試的J2 TOEFL機經小範圍題目跟上禮拜一樣，只有一二題不同，上禮拜考出三選一的那題，同學考前不妨先自己想一下理由再參考以下的答案。
1. It is easier for parents to raise children now than 50
years ago. 20110925CN
Keyword: parents=>easier to raise children now
托福很愛考這種比較時間前後發生變化的題目。可以先想像一下now跟before的差別，now多了什麼？可能想到了internet, social networking,
technology, 等。再去試著想三個現在的改變會造成對於who:parents做what:raise children的影響。三個理由基本上會是change+effect的方式。
Agree:
2. Which has a larger influence on the society:
Automobiles or airplanes?
Keyword: society=>influence automobiles, airplanes
比較題是托福很愛考的題目，A跟B比較，A跟沒有A比較，以前跟現在的比較、現在跟未來的比較，一樣先從題目的who開始想，對象是誰？再想what?做什麼事？
a. Unlike airplanes, the automobile created mobility on a scale never
known before. Take Taiwan as an instance, in the days
of horse-drawn transportation, the practical limit of wagon travel was 10 to 15
miles, so that meant any community or individual farm more than 15 miles from a
city, a railroad, or a navigable waterway was isolated from the mainstream of
economic and social life. On the contrary, motor vehicles and paved roads have
narrowed the gap between rural and urban life. Farmers can ship easily and
economically by truck and can drive to town when it is convenient. In addition,
such institutions as regional schools and hospitals are now accessible by bus
and car. The mobility of airplanes, on the other hand, are greatly limited to
the scope of airports.
b. Automobiles
significantly change the infrastructure of modern cities. For instance, prior to the appearance of the automobile, horses, walking and streetcars
were the major modes of transportation. Horse-driven carriages and people
carrying bags of good were often seen on the streets. On the other hand, after
the automobile was introduced, people can easily see a newly developing physical system of roads, streets,
highways, and service and storage facilities. Apparently, airplanes do
not possess as large an influence on cities as automobiles.
c. People
utilize automobiles much more often than airplanes. Therefore, they possess a more prominent role in
modern society than airplanes. For example, nowadays, almost every family own
at least a vehicle. During the week, people go to and from work by car. On
weekends, people go on family trips by car. On the other hand, people only take
the plane for faraway trips or business once in a while.
3. For a business to be successful, more money must be put in
advertising. 20130125NA
keyword: successful business=> advertising
Agree:
a. In order to be successful, a business
should have a strong brand name, which is often built up through
advertising. For
example, McDonalds racked up $963 million in ad spend last year. As a
result, it is one of the strongest brands in the world. That is, even toddlers
are able to recognize that big yellow 'M,' and the word itself is synonymous
with fast food and burgers.
b. Loyal consumers play an indispensable role in successful businesses.
Therefore, businesses should definitely invest more money in advertising. Take Apple for an instance. Due to
good advertising, Apple sends a strong message to people who lead a busy
lifestyle, enjoy a good social status, and earn good salary. Hence, as a
well-know saying goes, "Once an Apple user, there is simply no going
back." In other words, loyal consumers usually adore Apple products and
purchase iPhones, iPads, and Macbooks.
c. When a business wishes to be successful, it should also
make its products well-known. That is, advertising can educate the customers on
product usages through repeat exposure. For instance, FarEastone, a famous local
telecommunication company, spends millions of NT dollars on TV advertising.
Furthermore, the ads place emphasis on being able to reach family members who
live far away for free. Thus, when people want to talk to their families living
abroad, they immediately think of the products FarEastone offer.
4. Technology designed to make people’s lives simpler actually
often turns outto make people’s lives more complicated.
20100926CN
Keyword: technology =>simpler, more complicated
Agree:
a. Technology actually deprives people nowadays of their
free time. For example, in the past, after work,
people can enjoy all their free time. On the other hand, in modern society,
after work, people are often harassed continuously by their bosses through line,
whatsapp, Facebook, etc.
b. Technology creates more misunderstandings. For instance, before people used to meet
face to face and talk directly about their problems. As a result, every emotion
and movement is crystal clear. On the contrary, nowadays people mostly use line
or other apps to communicate, usually only sending one or two cute emotion
icons to express their mood. Thus, by using technology, people might easily
misunderstand the real intention of their friends and family.
c. People tend to rely too much on technology, resulting in more
complicated problems. Take my own experience as an example. In the past, I don't use
computers or cell phones much. Therefore, when my laptop breaks down, I do not
sweat. However, nowadays, I literally freak out when my mobile goes dead
because I depend too much on these modern technological
devices.
Disagree:
a. Technology makes our lives much more convenient.
舉科技幫忙節省時間的例子。
b. Technology solves a lot of our daily problems.
迷路時可以直接看google map，很快抵達目的地。
c. Technology makes it easier to stay in touch with others.
透過科技，與朋友隨時保持連絡，更新近況。
5. Should the government support artists or should the
artists support
themselves? 20121116NA
Keyword: government=>support artists
想點：artist需要什麼？他們可以為政府帶來什麼？可以自己取得資源還是由政府給？
政府支持有甚麼好處壞處？自己自足有甚麼好處壞處？
Opinion: government should support artists
a. art displays the characteristic of a
society. Therefore, the government should
support artists. For example, a Taiwanese painter, Huang Yon-Tsan, is
good at drawing paintings of the hectic lifestyle in Taipei.
That is to say, through his art, people get a glimpse of peoples' daily
routine in modern Taiwanese society. Furthermore, Picasso depicted a
society which placed emphasis on leisure and on sitting around drinking tea
with beautiful women. Through his art, people can imagine what life was like at
that period in France.
b. Art can provide citizens with entertainment. As a result,
the
government should sponsor artists. For instance, after a long week of
work, people often go to art exhibitions and discuss various pieces of great
work together with family and friends. To be more specific, art help lift the
mood of people and give them a lot of pleasure. Apparently, as far as the
government is concerned, supporting artists can bring crucial benefits to its
people.
c. When artists support themselves, they
might spend all their
time earning a living, instead of
improving their works. Take my personal experience as an example. My cousin is an extremely
talented artist. However, he worked day and night in restaurants trying to make
ends meet. Eventually, he did not have time for painting and gave up.
6. Although science and technology will continue to improve,
the most
significant improvement for the quality of
people's lives have already taken place. 20120922CN = 20110311NA
Keyword: quality of people's lives=> most
significant improvement
Disagree: 講三個仍然有許多進步空間的面向，三個理由盡量要不一樣。
a. As medical science continue improving, the quality of
people's lives will improve significantly. For instance, although there are a lot of medicine
targeted for rare diseases nowadays, there are still numerous illnesses which
remain incurable to this very day, such as AIDS, cancer, etc. Just imagine what
the world would be like if there are accessible treatment for each kind of STD.
b. Telecommunication will also serve an indispensable role
in making people's lives much better than nowadays. For example, twenty years ago, people seriously
couldn't imagine the fact that almost every person plays with a smart phone on
public transportation nowadays. Yet undeniably, there are still a lot of room
for improvement when it comes to the speed and quality of telecommunication
devices. Indeed, in the future, people might be able to accomplish much more
issues through high quality devices.
c. In the near future, cheap sustainable
energy will surely take people to a whole different era. Take solar energy for an example.
Solar energy not only is infinite, it is also free. Due to these two features,
scientists have paid a great deal of attention to it these recent years. Once
people figure out how to concentrate the energy in a much more cost-effective
approach, it would save up a lot of daily expenses on transportation and
maintenance bills.
Agree: 可以想一個你覺得徹底改變生活的科技發展，如網路。然後在以下三個中間段落分別從不同面向去分析，譬如：改變人們日常生活的行為、影響人與人互動的關係、改變我們看待自己的方式等等。
