閱讀時難免會碰到不懂的單字，但很多時候，可以根據後續持續解釋的句
子、或前後類似詞猜出單字的意思。以下直接舉托福實際句子來當例子。
1. 後續持續解釋
1) What is mimicry? Basically, it’s when an organism, an animal,
has evolved over time, resemble some other organism. It might look
or smell or act like a different organism.
在解釋mimicry的定義的時候，動詞resemble如果不知道，可以繼續看後面
的解釋：look or smell or act like, 可以推出來resemble有與..相似的
意思。
2)In groups of meerkats, an individual acts as a sentinel,
standing guard and looking out for predators while the others hunt
for food or eat food they have obtained.
sentinel可能不知道意思，但後面是sentinel在做的事情，standing guard
and looking our for predators站哨，而且可以用acts as a … 知道
sentinel是名詞，會作站哨的事情的名詞可以推出來是衛兵、哨兵。
3) Over the course of geological history, there would be a
continual interchange of land and sea, a periodic rearrangement of
the landmasses.
a periodic rearrangement of the landmasses 同位語補充解釋前面的
interchange, 所以如果不太確定interchange的意思，可以搭配後面的
rearrangement, 有互換，重些排列的意思。
2. 利用前後類似詞
1) It was widely believed that Earth had formed as a hot,
incandescent body and had been steadily cooling since the
beginning of geological time.
hot, incandescent 類似的意思重複來強調地球一開始溫度非常高，可以得
知incandescent 跟 hot有類似的意思，是白熾的, 白熱的意思
2) These were ceremonial statues probably representing deities
linked with each of the clans, tribes who lived on the island.
clans, tribes 兩個字放一起，可能有類似的意思，可藉由比較熟的字
tribe來推測應該跟部落相關，clan是大家族或宗親的意思。
3) When water from the surface seeps into cracks and fissures of
the crust, it gets heated.
同樣, cracks and fissures放在一起，意思應該差不多，cracks這個字應
該比較多人知道，是裂縫的意思，可推測fissures應該也有差不多意思(窄
的裂縫。)
4) However, until the twentieth century and the development of the
theory of plate tectonics, most earth scientists resisted or
discounted the idea of continental drift.
resisted or discounted放一起，resist這個字應該比較熟悉，反抗、抵抗
的意思，可以推測discounted也應該是類似負面的字，後面又接the idea，
可以猜出是不接受、不理會的意思。
當然如果在準備過程中，碰到這些單字，最好還是都記下來。以上舉的例子
都算托福常見單字，能多記考試碰到生字的機會就越少，當然能大大的增加
閱讀、聽力理解程度。但考試時如果碰到不會的單字，可以用以上兩個方法
推敲看看，幫助自己理解！
Cheers,
J2
